Artists handmade houses pdf

Check nearby libraries Library. Share this book Facebook. Last edited by ImportBot. August 2, History. An edition of Artists' handmade houses This edition was published in by Abrams in New York. Written in English. Subjects Domestic Architecture , Artists as architects , Homes and haunts , Artists' studios , Artists , Architecture, domestic, united states , Artists, united states , Architects.

Artists' handmade houses , Abrams. Libraries near you: WorldCat. Artists' handmade houses First published in Subjects Domestic Architecture , Artists as architects , Homes and haunts , Artists' studios , Artists , Architecture, domestic, united states , Artists, united states , Architects.

Places United States. Classifications Dewey Decimal Class A75 G68 , NA A75G68 , NA A75 G68 Community Reviews 0 Feedback?

Lists containing this Book. Loading Related Books. The calculation is based on common combination of fields of study. General practicing per place areas for work area in different countries are given below. Wood Working 4. One lecture hall is usually adequate except for the large departments. The control of a typical workshop noise emanating from craft room must be carefully considered in order to prevent disturbance in other rooms.

Various craft rooms are better to be grouped together to facilitate the concentration and distribution of services. If really good side light is available, top light may be omitted but when circumstances permit, some top light should be provided. Although large windows are essential, blinds for the control of lights should also be installed. For windows, the blinds should be arranged to lift from sill in preference to being pulled down from the window head.

Sink is another integral part in any studio and workshop. As an alternative to the sink in the studio itself, it is advantageous to have a small sink room adjoining the studio and entered from it so that all the water and untidiness may be kept away from the studio itself.

In ceramics studio, the whole space for sink room should be given to sink and clay bins. Blind boxes in studios should be sixed at sill level and the blinds made to draw upwards. The character of each studio depends on the final process involved in the studio works. Each step and process involved in the studio work demand separate consideration while planning the studio.

The planning depends on furniture required for studio work, materials, tools and also equipments used during the process. Space planning is very much dependent on these requirements. It gives the idea of the studio area and storage area. It ranges from valuable works of created by professional potters to simple items made by amateurs. The industrial product obtained by baking clay is called ceramics and when an artist creates something by baking clay, it is called pottery.

The traditional ceramic items can be classified into following groups. Utensils - Cooking Pots, Stoves, Plates etc. Pinch Touch Technique - by pressing e. Coil Technique - by joining the with hands. Slab Technique - By joining the f. Mold Technique - To prepare item slabs to give desired shape. Beating Technique - Preparing g. Craving Technique - Giving artistic items by beating with hammer. Wheel Technique - To give shape with the help of wheel.

The design or image itself is called drawing. No special machinery is required. As a rule, dust proof cubicle and store is required with a spray room about 30 sq. An area of sq. If daylight is not enough, artificial light should be provided in preferred way. Moreover, studio area should not be obstructed by any kind of structural member like pillar. If daylight is not enough, artificial light should be provided in much preferred way.

Seating requirements should be listed according to the several areas of the building. Staff space requirements should be calculated on the basis of sq.

It includes space for desk, chair, books and equipment. Displaying Spaces are a source of communication. Craft made and displayed are made commutable through these displays spaces. Exhibit and display area are important in art and craft centers. Display spaces can be in the form of a Museum, Gallery, showroom, shops and so on.

Gallery Gallery is a formal space for displaying various items of art and craft. Spaces provided can be for permanent, semi-permanent or special exhibits that are held from time to time. Care should be taken while fixing devices and furniture in walls, floors and ceilings so that maximum space is left vacant. The entry space should guide the visitors to the gallery area, so that they are able to survey what is there to see, select a starting point and moving to it as directly as possible.

The circulation pattern should be continuous and uninterrupted that allow the visitors to move from object to the other, from one gallery to the other. The visitors may pass along one side and return along the other wall, if the lighting permits. There should also be enough space for visitors to move at different speed so that few viewers can move continuously, while others stop to take a detailed look.

It is important to every living creature on earth. So lighting any space or area is very necessary. Lighting can be of two types - Natural and - Artificial Lighting. In gallery and display space too, lighting play a vital role. The method of lighting and the purpose of the space are the major ruling planning factors in a gallery. Every exhibits are different from one another, and require separate kind of lightings- a room designed to provide lighting for any art object may not be suitable for the other three dimensional object.

Different intensity of illumination carries an interesting visual effect, it keeps the observer occupied and interested. To light different objects at the gallery, different types of high and low intensity lighting is provided. Variation in ceiling height and different wall colors throughout a sequence of galleries avoid fatigue and keep them interested. For the display of pictures the source of light should be limited and so controlled that it is strongest on the parts of the wall which are used for actually display and weakest where the viewer stands.

The source of light should be behind the observer as possible. Use of Natural light The level of illumination suggested for different tasks in school are S. Such lightings generally imply that the major objects are displayed in the centered position or on the wall of the gallery opposite to the light source.

Top light is also a preferred lighting in galleries, although the light must be controlled to suite the object to be displayed.

Direct strong daylight must be avoided on pictures but at the same time there must not be too great or uneven reduction of light on the picture. Often objects to be displayed are light sensitive, and will deteriorate if exposed to continuous high levels of light. Due to the corroding nature of u-v radiation of day lighting, artificial light is better preferred over natural lighting as it is easier to manipulate and control the artificial lighting system.

Gallery Side Lighting Use of Artificial light To accommodate changing displays, the lighting design should be flexible. This can be achieved with track-mounted lights which can be easily adjusted. The quality of light must be suitable for all objects displayed. Displays can be flat, two dimensional objects on vertical surfaces, three dimensional objects or display cases.

Lighting large objects may cause glare. So use of ambient diffused light in combination with narrow beam light is preferred for highlight. Due to global energy crisis, alternative efficient energy has taken the priority in saving and using energy efficiently.

Rain water harvesting is essential because surface water is inadequate to meet our demand and we have to depend on ground water. Due to rapid urbanization, infiltration of rain water into the sub-soil has decreased drastically and recharging of ground water has diminished. Catchment Area: The catchment of a water harvesting system is the surface which directly receives the rainfall and provides water to the system.

It can be a paved area like a terrace or courtyard of a building, or an unpaved area like a lawn or open ground. Conveying System: The collected water is conveyed for filtration in a filter. The filter is used to remove suspended pollutants from rainwater collected over roof.

A filter unit is a chamber filled with filtering media such as fibre, coarse sand and gravel layers to remove debris and dirt from water before it enters the storage tank or recharge structure. Charcoal can be added for additional filtration. Collection Space: the water is stored in small or big reservoir.

The tap system: a simple water tap or a pump, used to extract water from storage space. In the operation of horizontal flow reed beds secondary treated effluent is passed uniforml y over vegetation so that suspended solid matter is retained in the vegetation.

Reed beds have are very good at removing BOD, ammonia and nutrients, therefore Reed Bed Effluent Treatment Plant this is one of the few forms of tertiary treatment that can be used to improve poor quality secondary effluent. Very simply, it consists of an area of reeds planted in a soil or gravel medium.

It traps the solids from the effluent during its travel across the bed. This can be direct as with photovoltaics PV , or indirect as with concentrating solar power. Photovoltaic cell PV is a device that converts light into direct current using the photoelectric effect. The PV cell consists of one or two layers of a semi-conducting material, usually silicon. When light shines on the cell it creates an electric field across the layers causing electricity to flow.

The greater the intensity of the light, the greater the flow of electricity. PVs will only produce electricity whilst there is daylight. A typical solar panel of The amount energy collected is watt hr, i. The site is an agricultural land which has been planned by the government for the future land pooling project. The site lies just below the traditional city of Thimi. It is situated 10 Km east from Kathmandu and 3 Km west from Bhaktapur. Location Map Courtesy: Google earth 3. The site has altitude varying from m above sea level to m to the lowest at the southern boundary.

Orientation: South with advantage of slope align southern direction. The site can be referred as the transitional zone as it has been surrounded by modern feature dwellings more than traditional ones as traditional buildings are located in the core area only. Araniko highway lies at the southern side of the site which is m away.

Tuberculosis Center is located at the south west side of the site. The site has been facilitated with the presence of post office, health post, police station, cinema hall in a short distance which further enhances its significance.

Site view 3. The slope has an elevation difference of about 6 meters with three levels of contours. It has a flat land with gradual slope at three sides. The site is elongated in north — south direction. The secondary road joining the site and the city is 11m wide which is located 10m above the site. People often use a stone track passing through the site to get to their homes. Few number of trees can be seen within the western side of the site.

The site however lacks the drainage system so an alternative means of disposal has to be sorted out. The site has the benefit of natural surface drainage system due to its sloping character. Case studies emphasize detailed contextual analysis of a limited number of events or conditions and their relationships.

Researchers have used the case study research method for many years across a variety of disciplines. Social scientists, in particular, have made wide use of this qualitative research method to examine contemporary real-life situations and provide the basis for the application of ideas and extension of methods. Researcher Robert K. Yin defines the case study research method as an empirical inquiry that investigates a contemporary phenomenon within its real-life context; when the boundaries between phenomenon and context are not clearly evident; and in which multiple sources of evidence are used Yin, , p.

It is almost impossible to design or propose any project without studying similar cases. The study will help to analyze the existing case and design a better space to solve the short comings of the existing building. As it was related to my thesis project I had an opportunity to visit the place and get some handful information about the handicraft scenario of Nepal.

The main aim of this association is that it helps members to improve their product nationally and internationally. It is estimated to have export 40 different handicraft to about 70 different countries FHAN 12 May Some of the case studies done: 4.

Building Description: The industry has 3 entry- side entry, showroom entry and service entry. The side entry leads to the administration. Reception, designing, account, marketing, waiting room is managed in the hall with removal partitions.

One has to go through the administration to get in the workshop. Showroom acts as the spine to connect administration and workshop from the elevation i.

The showroom is a double storey building where only the ground floor comes into use. As most of the operations are performed in main workshop, natural light is sufficient. Open area acts as spill out area. It is stated that bronze figures, sometimes alloyed with copper, appeared in the valley around 8th century AD. These images usually represented religious deities or legendary figures. The most frequently used production technique is that of a form of wax casting. Images often contain embedded semi-precious stones, usually coral or turquoise, or are gilded with gold.

General: Maha Buddha Handicraft was established in the year Like other industry in the industrial area it deals with handicrafts that are made out of metal. The industry has four section- sales area, workshop, staff room and store. The showroom can be entered from workshop as well. There is an open court which is surrounded by semi open spaces i. The workspace is provided for series of work in process — casting, cutting, carving, buffing, finishing and storing. Distributed workspace of the industry Lost Wax Process The process of lost wax makes it a unique handicraft, which is why metal crafts are popular in and outside the country.

The piece is then heated so that the wax is melted; the melted wax is then extracted creating a cavity. The cavity is then poured with melted metal syrup. It is then cooled and the original model is translated into the metal image. The rough images are made smooth by buffing; chiseling is done to bring out precision.

While artificial lights are used in show rooms and office areas where light is insufficient. Ventilation are provided on the walls of workspace, which acts as a cross ventilation. Thermal environment: Floor is the main working surface and is made of cement finish. Workers sit down on the floor over straw mat or wooden stools.

During summer, due to semi open space and cross ventilation, it is thermally comfortable but during extreme winters workers have a hard time.

Safety: No fire extinguishers have been provided. Fire kiln are not separated or isolated to another room but are visible. In case of fire break out, one can directly run to open areas.

I roofs sheets. The oldest survival sculpture in the country indicates that stone sculpture was among the fist art forms to have been developed in the country. Many sculptures of deities, animals, serpents, people, bells, vessels, garudas etc. The crafts men are highly creative and gifted in their profession. The stone industry basically deals with stone carving of small souvenir to large carving of images and deities.

The industry has mainly three section- store, workspace and sales unit. Working Environment: Lighting and Ventilation: As different spaces are provided for work shop natural lighting is not sufficient for detail work. Use of artificial lighting is provides. Large workshop halls Unmanaged workspace followed with storage which are both deep and high have minimal penetration of natural light.

Ventilation as such are not provided. Thermal environment: As stone itself is a cold item, during winter season it is much difficult for workers to work on stones. In some of the work space sue to large room height the thermal environment is satisfactory during summers. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery plural potteries. Pottery can also refer to the material of which the pottery ware is made. Major types of pottery include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain.

Pottery is one of the oldest human technologies and art-forms, and remains a major industry today. The definition used by archaeologists tends to exclude ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes, and perhaps the same people, but are not vessels, or made on a wheel.

Common forms of pottery are terra cotta oil lamps used to light homes during the festival Dipawali, and flower pots decorated with peacocks and elephants. Specialization: Pots, Utensils, Decorative, etc. General: The Pottery Square of Bhaktapur is a conserved traditional village, where the whole community is based on pottery making. Pottery is the way of their livelihood.

One can see almost all the houses making pottery every day. The whole family of Kuma is engaged in the workshop. The tradition is- the trade is Plan of potters workplace handed down from father to son generation. The upper portion of the house is used for residential purpose by the potters. Raw materials are stored in the ground floor, as it is damp and dark, which is good for storage. The squares are used for sun drying of pottery items. The crafts are either sold on the local souvenir shop or are taken to market.

The staircase is View of the pottery square, Bhaktapur placed in front in case there is lack of space. Otherwise kiln are isolated and made separate. Architect: Charles Correa Built — up area:- sq. Filed research is commissioned with research scholars to document the living arts and crafts. It has a seating capacity of persons. The skill full art, the lost tradition must be preserved as they are our identity; we need not go out and search for our identity if it is preserved.

The craft museum serves and preserves the spirit of art, making awareness. The thoughtful space planning, the human scale, the tribal and rural display all gives a sense of belonging. It displays temporary exhibits of art from all around the world. Focus light, spot light with adjustable support is directly hung on the ceiling. Windows have low ceilings, but the natural light provided is not sufficient. Gallery Space, use of artificial to lit the display Space used: As seen, exhibits are mainly those of art that are hung on the walls.

Floor space can also be used for displaying exhibits. Functions: The Center offers seminars, workshops and exhibitions on the development of traditional art. Counseling programs offered for students on marketing, career development and skill technology. Research analysis and archive development. It offers trainings to artisans on Thanka painting, Clay sculpture, Metal carving repousse work , wood carving and stone carving.

Multi-layered roof system allows for Day lit Galleries A. Streets a. The major festivals are connected and chariots are drawn through these streets. These streets are not as wide as compared to modern streets but wide enough for chariots to pass through. The streets for people These streets connected different neighborhoods and also different major streets.

The functions of these streets are mainly for connectivity and trade along with more intimate socializing. The characters are similar to the main streets , except for the widths.

This became a practice after a Malla king. The dead are taken through a system of alleyways between and through the dwellings ,culminating to the funerary river bank. The streets surrounding the city running along the city wall also forms a part of this hirerarchy and possess a signifcants cultural important.

Buildings a. Temple The temple by virtue of their grand scale and ornamentation served as visual relief and also as landmarks along the streets. Most of the temples of Kathmandu follow a traditional Newari temple architecture: Patan Durbar Square near Jhom Bahal symmetrical with square or rectangular plan, brick clad with a single or multi-tiered overhanging and sloped roof and also odd number of fenestrations in each wall. Besides the tires temple other temple styles include the Shikhara style temples and composite types as well.

These temples are generally for religious purpose. Layaku palace Palaces are the dwellings for royal family. The traditional Malla palace of Kathmandu comprise of a number of buildings surrounding a number of courtyards, these were generally three major courtyard ,along with family temples ,palace gardens, ponds or other water sources etc. Newa chen Newari Residence Generally, newari houses are 3 and half storied. According to the utilization of spaces ,there is vertical arrangement of the spaces in newari houses.

Ground floor called chedi,is used either as shop or for cattle raising ,the first floor ,called Matan is the beginning of the living space ,used for sleeping purposes ,the second floor of chota is the living space ,and finally the topmost or the baiga is the Newa Residence in Jhom kitchen and the family shrine. The length of the house varies from house to house but normally rectangular houses are of 4 to 8 meters in length and 6m in depth.

These are placed along the streets at strategic locations. Besides, these were also public spaces where people gathered and interacted. Bahal with Chuka- open space in Jhom Bahal e. Dyo che Priest house Dyo chen is the house of God. It is also known as Math and its design and activities are bound by specific rules.

The form should be square with a two storied courtyard building. The design of a Math, its location, orientation and its internal planning correspond to that of a standard dwelling Falcha Pati in Jhom Bahal house. Math has no fixed orientation and if space allows, a Math is built with a central load bearing wall and the design of the math resembles that of residential house C.

Open Spaces a. Public squares Public squares are large open spaces surrounding the palaces. These squares have different components such as temples ,stone water spouts and rest houses etc. Bahals Bahals are the buildings with open central courtyards ; these courtyards can be public or privately owned. The purpose and specific activity of these spaces vary with its ownership ,occupancy and other religious as well as social factors.

Chuka Chowks are basically courtyards, generally square in shape and surrounded by a number of houses ,either residential or others. Services a. Lohan Hiti stone water spouts The public water spouts are the water supply system that existed in the valley long before the Malla period. The stone water spout, placed in a depressed spaced sometimes a storey deep ,laid in stone is provided with proper drainage and walled with brick and stone decorations.

The form of the stone water spout represents the mirror image of the temple profile. This system followed gravitational flow of water. Usually there used to be a public rest house near the water spouts b. Water supply Water supply system was developed in Kathmandu during the Licchhavi times ,the water supply mechanism of the Licchhavi times were very well developed ,they were used for both irrigation as well as supply to the public water supply systems.

Water supply was also done in the valley by wells and ponds. The concept has been derived from the analysis of site and functional requirements of the craft activities. The important aspects being the serial flow of the various processes systematically. The traditional outlook has been tried to be achieved with the help of square and rectangular forms, use of courtyards, slope roof, use Eight nodes for planning of cornices, local materials like brick, timber.

It is also important to analyze that the used form is suitable not only to achieve the outlook, but it is also a appropriate shape with due consideration to material availability, environmental suitability as well as the tourism potential within the area. So courtyard planning has been opted. For planning of overall site, different forms and doctrines have been used. The number 8 is considered as sacred both to the Hindus and Buddhists. It is thus that this mandala symbolizes at one and the same time the visible cosmos, the world of the Spirit and the Divinity in its multiple aspects.

Nepali Spirit b. A modern synthesis c. Structural Rationalism d.